It makes sense that men are stronger than women because they are usually bigger than women. If you take a man and woman of the same size, would they have the same strength?
There are many studies that have been done to answer this question. Age and height have to be matched as well as activity levels, weight, and size. Recently researchers used mathematical models to scale the information from such studies. This means that instead of comparing apples to oranges, they are matching apples to apples.
For example, strength studies of the arms and legs have been done in a lab in Australia. Body mass is added into the calculations. Strength is measured and compared based on body mass. They found that on average men have stronger arms than women. Leg strength appears to be about equal.
The reasons for these differences remain unknown. Future studies will focus on how muscle power is produced and why it's different from arms to legs in males and females.
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