Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a condition of muscular pain and fatigue of unknown cause. It affects women more than men and can occur in childhood. It appears that many systems are involved such as the nervous system, the hormonal system, and the enteric (gut) system.
Exercise has clearly been shown to benefit patients with FMS. In this article, two physical therapists offer guidelines and advice on the advantages of exercise. Types of exercise and how to exercise are also included. Here are a few tips:
Moderately intense exercise is best. The patient must be able to tolerate the activity. There should be only a mild increase in symptoms after exercise.
Stretching is important but doesn’t improve symptoms as much as aerobic exercise.
Walking, fitness classes, or a pool program all work well for FMS patients.
Exercises should start out slowly. The goal is to exercise for 20 to 30 minutes three to five times a week.
Exercise should be moderate in intensity. Too much pain after exercise means the intensity was too high.
Heart rate should increase to at least 60 per cent of the age-adjusted maximum heart rate. This is calculated by subtracting the person’s age from 220. Then multiply the answer by 0.6. Work up an exercise program until the heart rate reaches this number of beats per minute. This formula cannot be used by patients on some types of heart medications.
Alternate exercise activities. One day work on upper extremity (arm) exercises. The next day switch to exercises for the legs instead.
Gentle stretching should be done as a warm-up and cool-down activity. It should not be the only type of exercise. Best results occur when stretching is combined with aerobic activity.The authors conclude that exercise helps prevent the downward spiral of pain, inactivity, and deconditioning that patients with FMS often experience. Many people with FMS are afraid to exercise because it might make them more tired and painful. The key is to get started (slowly and gently) and keep going!