Which finger position can cause injury to the volar plate, and what can happen with an injury like this?

Injury to the volar plate can occur when the finger joint is hyperextended (bent back too far). If a complete tear occurs, the ligament usually ruptures or tears from its attachment on the middle phalanx. There may be a small piece of bone avulsed or broken from the middle phalanx when this occurs. If it is small it is usually of no consequence, but if it is large and involves a significant amount of the joint surface it may require surgery to fix the fragment and restore the joint surface.