Your shoulder is a strong joint that has many nerves passing through it to feel the arms and the upper part of the chest and upper back. If the shoulder is injured, usually through a trauma, the nerves can be compressed – something is pressing down on the nerves and cutting off the sensation. In this case, there may also be a blockage of blood flow, depending on the extent of the injury.
It’s likely that your husband’s doctor was worried about the circulation in the arm and wanted to be sure that the nerves didn’t become permanently damaged.