Ergonomics is the science of protecting your body from injury by adapting the world around you. For example, if you stand for long hours, you may be given a small stool to rest one foot a bit higher, a more natural position. You may be given a work mat to stand on, to soften or cushion your feet, and you may be encouraged to take breaks and walk around. These are all to prevent injuries.
Ergonomics for back injury prevention works in the same way. It includes using lifting belts, learning proper lifting techniques, and being sure you get the help you need when you need it. What the ergonomics doesn’t do, is strengthen the muscles in your back and abdomen, making it easier for you to lift, bend or twist.
A good example is a study that was done on farmers, who researchers thought would have a high rate of back injuries due to the nature of their work. Surprisingly, the researchers found that there was no higher a rate of back injuries among farmers than in non-farmers. That led the researchers to believe that the farmers had built up their strength and tolerance, which allowed them to do such heavy, physical labor. The researchers also determined that because the farmers didn’t injure themselves at any higher rate, the traditional ergonomic approaches towards back injury prevention wouldn’t be effective.